Understanding Back Pain: Causes, Symptoms & When to See a Doctor

 Back pain is one of the most common health complaints across the world. Whether it’s a dull ache after sitting for long hours or a sharp pain that limits movement, back pain can affect people of all ages and lifestyles. While many cases improve with rest and self-care, some may signal an underlying condition that requires medical attention.

In this blog, we’ll explore the causes, symptoms, and when it’s time to consult a doctor.

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Common Causes of Back Pain

1. Muscle or Ligament Strain

   • Lifting heavy objects incorrectly, sudden awkward movements, or overexertion can strain muscles and ligaments in the back.

2. Poor Posture

   • Sitting for long hours, especially in front of computers or mobile devices, often leads to posture-related back pain.

3. Herniated or Bulging Discs

   • Discs act as cushions between the bones (vertebrae) in the spine. When a disc bulges or ruptures, it can press on a nerve and cause pain.

4. Arthritis

   • Osteoarthritis can affect the lower back, sometimes leading to spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal).

5. Lifestyle Factors

   • Obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, and stress can all increase the risk of developing back pain.

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Symptoms of Back Pain

Back pain can vary widely in intensity and duration. Some of the common symptoms include:

• A dull, constant ache in the lower or middle back.

• Sudden sharp or shooting pain, sometimes radiating to the leg (sciatica).

• Stiffness or reduced range of motion.

• Pain that worsens after sitting or standing for long periods.

• Muscle spasms or tightness in the back.

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When to See a Doctor

While mild back pain often improves with rest, hot/cold therapy, or over-the-counter medication, you should consult a doctor if you experience:

• Persistent pain lasting more than 2–3 weeks.

• Severe pain that does not improve with rest.

• Pain spreading down the legs, especially below the knee.

• Weakness, numbness, or tingling in the legs.

• Unexplained weight loss along with back pain.

• Loss of bladder or bowel control (medical emergency).

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Preventing Back Pain

• Maintain good posture while sitting, standing, and working.

• Exercise regularly to strengthen your back and core muscles.

• Lift objects correctly — bend at the knees, not the waist.

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on your spine.

• Choose supportive furniture like ergonomic chairs and mattresses.

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Conclusion

Back pain can affect your daily life, but understanding its causes and recognizing warning signs can help you take control of your health. If your pain persists or interferes with normal activities, don’t ignore it — timely consultation with an orthopedic specialist can prevent complications and ensure the right treatment.

👉 At Aadhya9 Multispecialty Hospital, our expert orthopedic team offers advanced diagnosis and personalized treatment plans for back pain, ensuring you return to a healthy, active lifestyle.